ریدینگ آیلتس: سوالات True False Not Given

در این درس می آموزیم که چگونه به سوالات True/False/Not Given در مورد ریدینگ آیلتس پاسخ دهیم.

سوالات آیلتس True False Not Given

این درس نحوه پاسخ دادن به سوالات True False Not Given را برای آیلتس توضیح می‌دهد.

در ابتدا فهرستی از حقایق به شما ارائه می‌شود. سپس باید به متن نگاه کنید تا تصمیم بگیرید که آیا حقایق درست است، نادرست است یا ارائه نشده است.

در زیر چند نکته و استراتژی  انگلیسی برای کمک به شما در پاسخ به این نوع سوال آورده شده است.

نکات مربوط به این نوع سوالات

• If the fact you are given is clearly in the reading it is True
• If the reading says the opposite of the fact you’ve been given it is False
• If it is not true or false, it is Not Given

راهکارهایی برای پاسخ به سوالات

سوالات از ترتیب متن پیروی می‌کنند.
سوال را با دقت بخوانید تا مطمئن شوید که به طور کامل متوجه چه چیزی شده‌اید.
متن را اسکن کنید تا با استفاده از کلمات کلیدی سوال، محل پاسخ را پیدا کنید
وقتی پاسخ را پیدا کردید، متن را با دقت بخوانید تا تشخیص دهید که آیا فکر می‌کنید T، F یا NG است.
احتمالاً سؤالات به جای کلمات در متن از مترادف استفاده می‌کنند.
مراقب کلمات کنترلی مانند «فقط» ، «همه» ، «هرگز» و غیره باشید. به عنوان مثال، اگر واقعیت در سؤال می‌گوید «بعضی» و واقعیت موجود در متن می‌گوید «همه» ، آنگاه F است.
زمان زیادی را صرف جستجوی پاسخ یک سوال نکنید. اگر نتوانید آن را پیدا کنید احتمالا NG است.
مطمئن شوید که از کد صحیح استفاده می‌کنید. گاهی اوقات از «بله» ، «نه» ، «بدون اطلاعات» استفاده می‌شود (این سؤال‌ها کمی متفاوت هستند و شما به‌جای حقایق به دنبال نظرات هستید) .
مثال
به این بیانیه نگاه کنید که از جمله اول در خواندن زیر گرفته شده است:

“Chiles originate in South America and have been eaten for at least 9,500 years.”

در اینجا چند نمونه از عبارات آیلتس True False Not Given همراه با پاسخ آورده شده است:

• Chiles come from South America – True
• People began eating Chiles in the last few centuries – False
• South Americans were the first people to start eating Chiles – Not Given

شماره یک به وضوح درست است. به استفاده از مترادف ‘come from’ به جای ‘originates’ استفاده می‌شود. استفاده از کلمات مختلف رایج است.

دو به وضوح نادرست است، همانطور که 9500 سال پیش بود، نه چند 100 سال پیش.

مورد آخر در متن نیست. مراقب فرضیات باشید و فکر کنید درست است. کاملاً محتمل است که مردم آمریکای جنوبی ابتدا از آنجایی که شیلی‌ها در آنجا بودند شروع به خوردن کردند. با این حال، شما نمی‌توانید از آن مطمئن باشید و متن آن را به شما نمی‌گوید.

IELTS True False Not Given – تمرین کنید

اکنون متن زیر را بخوانید و با استفاده از منوی کشویی به سوالات سمت راست مطالعه پاسخ دهید تا درست، غلط یا داده نشده را انتخاب کنید.

Chilies

Chilies originate in South America and have been eaten for at least 9,500 years. Organised cultivation began around 5,400 BC. Christopher Columbus was the first European to encounter chilies, when he landed on the island of Hispaniola in 1492. He thought it was a type of pepper and called it the “red pepper”, a name still used today. After their introduction to Europe they were an immediate sensation and were quickly incorporated into the diet. From there they spread to Africa, India and East Asia.

The reason for the chili’s “hotness” lies in a chemical called Capsaisin. Capsaisin causes temporary irritation to the trigeminal cells, which are the pain receptors in the mouth, nose and throat. After the pain messages are transmitted to the brain, endorphins, natural pain killers, are released and these not only kill the pain but give the chili eater a short lived natural high. Other side effects include: an increased heart rate, a running nose and increased salivation and sweating, which can have a cooling effect in hot climates.

The reason for the presence of Capsaisin is thought to be to deter animals from eating the fruit. Only mammals feel the burning effects; birds feel nothing. As birds are a better method of distributing the seeds, which pass intact through their guts, Capsaisin would seem to be a result of natural selection.

The smaller chilies tend to be the hottest. This may reflect the fact that they tend to grow closer to the ground and are therefore more vulnerable to animals. The heat of a chili is measured on the Scoville scale. The hottest types such as the Habenero and the Scotch Bonnet rate between 100,000 and 300,000, the world famous Tabasco sauceÒ rates at 15,000 to 30,000, about the same as the Thai prik khee nu, while the popular Jalapeno is between 5,000 and 15,000. Powdered chili is 500 to 1,000 and the mild capsicins and paprikas can range between 100 and 0.

325 wds

توضیح پاسخ‌ها در زیر ارائه شده است.

*****

سوالات 1-5
آیا عبارات زیر با اطلاعات موجود در متن مطابقت دارد؟ آن‌ها را علامت گذاری کنید:

• True  if the statement agrees with the text
• False  if the statement does not agree with the text
• Not Given  if there is no information about this in the text

• Questions:
• 1. Chilies became popular as soon as they were brought into Europe.
• 2. Capsaisin causes significant damage to the mouth.
• 3. Chilies can be part of a birds diet.
• 4. All large chilies grow high off the ground.
• 5. People breed chilies for their heat.

• Question 1

  Chilies became popular as soon as they were brought into Europe – True

  After their introduction to Europe they were an immediate sensation and were quickly incorporated into the diet.

  There two statements are clearly saying the same thing. Notice the use of synomyms:

  Became popular = sensation

  As soon as = immediately

  Brought into = introduced

  ___________________________________________________

  Question 2

  Capsaisin causes significant damage to the mouth. – False

  Capsaisin causes temporary irritation the trigeminal cells.

  This is false as the statement says ‘significant damage‘. This is not the same as a ‘temporary irritation‘.

  ___________________________________________________

  Question 3

  Chilies can be part of a birds diet – True

  Only mammals feel the burning effects; birds feel nothing. As birds are a better method of distributing the seeds, which pass intact through their guts

  This is true as this section in the reading clearly tells us birds feel nothing (when they eat them) and they distribute them around when it leaves their body. So clearly chilies are eaten by birds. In other words, they can be a part of a birds diet.

  ___________________________________________________

  Question 4

  All large chilies grow high off the ground – Not Given

  The smaller chilies tend to be the hottest. This may reflect the fact that they tend to grow closer to the ground and are therefore more vulnerable to animals.

  We are told here that small chilies grow closer to the ground. It can be assumed then that many of the large ones are higher off the ground.

  However, it says ‘all large chilies‘. We are not given any information to say all of them grow high off the ground. It’s possible some don’t, so we don’t know which means it is Not Given.

  ___________________________________________________

  Question 5

  People breed chilies for their heat – Not Given

  The heat of a chili is measured on the Scoville scale.

  Again, this is Not Given. We are given some information about heat in this sentence and those that follow.

  But these are just descriptions about how they are hot. We are not told specifically that this is the reason they are breeding them.