استفاده از حروف ربط متضاد در انگلیسی

طریقه استفاده از استفاده از حروف ربط متضاد در انگلیسی را می‌دانید؟ با آموزش زبان انگلیسی امروز همراه باشید تا با استفاده از این حروف آشنا شوید.

اگرچه، «even though»، «despite» و «in spite of» همه می‌توانند برای بیان یک چیز به کار روند. به عبارت دیگر معنی یکسانی دارند. «Although» و «even though» حرف ربط هستند، اما «despite» و «in spite of» حرف اضافه محسوب می‌شوند. اما از آنجایی که آنها بسیار شبیه هستند، به ما کمک می‌کند تا آنها را با هم مطالعه کنیم.

ما از اینها استفاده می‌کنیم تا بگوییم چیزی در رابطه با چیز دیگری شگفت‌آور، غیرمعمول یا غیرمنتظره است.

• Even though she studied hard, she failed the test.

به مثال‌های زیر نگاه کنید تا کاربرد و تفاوت ‘in spite of’, ‘despite’, ‘although’, ‘even though’ and ‘though’ را در جملات ببینید.

Although we don’t agree, I think she’s a brilliant speaker.
Even though we don’t agree, I think she’s a brilliant speaker.
In spite of the law, people continue to use mobile phones while driving.
Despite the law, people continue to use mobile phones while driving.

می توانیم «even though» یا «although» را در ابتدای جمله یا وسط جمله قرار دهیم.

Even though + action, + unexpected result
Unexpected result + even though + action

• Even though she isn’t big, she is strong.
• Even though it rained, they went hiking.
• Even though many unfortunate things happened, they enjoyed their trip.
• She smiled even though she lost the game.
• We bought it even though it was really expensive.
• He quit his job even though he didn’t have another job lined up.

Although + action, + unexpected result
Unexpected Result + although + action

• Although she is pretty, she doesn’t have a boyfriend.
• Although we discussed it for 5 hours, we didn’t make a decision.
• Although it looks good, it doesn’t work well.
• We will go to the party although we do not know anybody else who is going.
• It didn’t taste good although I followed the recipe.

نکته: استفاده از «although» در ابتدای جمله بیشتر از وسط آن رایج است.

استفاده از حروف ربط متضاد در انگلیسی یا Although, even though, in spite of and despite برای اتصال، دو ایده متضاد استفاده شده است و یا اینکه واکنشی در ادامه رویدادی آورده شود که انتظار این واکنش را نداشته باشیم. این کلمات در ابتدا یا وسط جملات می‌آیند.

• Despite the rain, we enjoyed the festival.
• We enjoyed the festival, despite the rain.

تفاوت اصلی میان although, even though, in spite of and despite این است که هرکدام در ساختارهای مختلفی مورد استفاده قرار می‌گیرند.

in spite of / despite

بعد از in spite of و despite اسم، اسم مصدر(-ing form of a verb) و یا ضمیر می‌آیند

• They never made much money, in spite of their success.
• In spite of the pain in his leg, he completed the marathon.
• Despite having a headache, I had a great birthday.
• The train was cancelled. In spite of that, we arrived on time.

توجه داشته باشید معمولا بعد از in spite of و despite  از عبارت the fact that به اضافه یک فاعل و فعل استفاده می‌شود.

• In spite of the fact that he worked very hard, he didn’t pass the exam.
• Despite the fact that he worked very hard, he didn’t pass the exam.

although / even though

بعد از although and even though از یک فاعل و فعل استفاده می‌شود.Even though نسبت به although قوی‌تر است و تاکید بیشتری دارد.

• I enjoyed the course, although I would have liked more grammar practice.
• Although we saw each other every day, we didn’t really know each other.
• Even though she spoke very quietly, he understood every word.
• She didn’t get the job, even though she had all the necessary qualifications.

though

Though می‌توانند همانند although استفاده شود.

• Though I wasn’t keen on the film, I thought the music was beautiful.

Though را می‌توان در انتهای عبارت دوم نیز آورد.این نوع روش بیان ایده‌های متضاد، معمول‌‌ترین روش در محاوره انگلیسی است.

• We waited ages for our food. The waiter was really nice, though.

سوالات چهارگزینه‌ای درباره استفاده از حروف ربط متضاد

1. Although: What is the opposite of “although”?

a) Although b) Therefore c) Despite d) However

Answer: d) However

2. But: What is the opposite of “but”?

a) And b) Or c) So d) Yet

Answer: a) And

3. Despite: What is the opposite of “despite”?

a) Although b) Despite c) Because d) Nevertheless

Answer: c) Because

4. Even though: What is the opposite of “even though”?

a) In order that b) So that c) Despite d) As a result

Answer: d) As a result

5. However: What is the opposite of “however”?

a) Thus b) Additionally c) Furthermore d) Nevertheless

Answer: a) Thus

6. In spite of: What is the opposite of “in spite of”?

a) Because of b) Due to c) Owing to d) Thanks to

Answer: a) Because of

7. On the one hand: What is the opposite of “on the one hand”?

a) On the other hand b) After all c) In addition d) Finally

Answer: a) On the other hand

8. Nevertheless: What is the opposite of “nevertheless”?

a) Moreover b) Consequently c) Accordingly d) Still

Answer: b) Consequently

9. Whereas: What is the opposite of “whereas”?

a) Provided that b) Although c) Despite d) In addition

Answer: a) Provided that