Modifying comparisons در زبان انگلیسی
در این درس به توضیحات مربوط به Modifying comparisons در زبان انگلیسی میپردازیم.آیا میدانید چطور از عباراتی مثل shorter than, almost as fit as و exactly the same as در زبان انگلیسی استفاده کنید.
به مثالهای زیر که از این عبارات استفاده کردهاند نگاه کنید.
He’s much shorter than his brother.
Good-quality socks are almost as important as your running shoes.
Our hotel room was exactly the same as the photos showed.
comparisons برای مقایسه بین دو چیز، افراد یا اعمال و بیان برابری یا نابرابری بین آنها استفاده میشود.
میتوانیم صفتها و قیدها را در قالبهای مقایسهای اصلاح کنیم تا درجه کلمات و عبارات خاص را تشدید کنیم.
اصلاح کنندههای مقایسهها همیشه با سایر عناصر جمله برای ایجاد حس اصلی عمل میکنند. آنها معمولاً قبل از صفت و قید میآیند.
پرکاربردترین آنها عبارتند از:
a bit, a little, a lot, far, much, not much, rather, slightly…
مثالهایی از Modifying comparisons در زبان انگلیسی
- These high heels are a bit darker than the others.
- This exhibition is a little bigger than the one we saw yesterday.
- Her wedding dress was a lot prettier than mine.
- His sports shoes are much lighter than mine.
- Online purchasing is not much cheaper than buying from a shop.
- That’s rather more than I intended to say.
- This skirt is slightly longer than the pink one.
توضیحات گرامر
چندین روش مختلف برای مقایسه در زبان انگلیسی وجود دارد. ما همچنین میتوانیم شدت مقایسهها را تغییر دهیم تا تفاوتهای کوچک یا بزرگ را نشان دهیم.
Comparing
میتوانیم از صفات مقایسهای برای مقایسه چیزهای مختلف استفاده کنیم.
Max is taller than Judy.
You’re more patient than I am.
His first book is less interesting than his second.
از as … as با یک صفت برای بیان اینکه دو چیز یکسان هستند استفاده میشود یاnot as … as به عنوان اینکه بگوییم یک چیز از چیز دیگر کمتر است.
Her hair is as long as mine.
It’s not as sunny as yesterday.
میتوانیم عبارت دیگری مثل different from, similar to و the same as را نیز بکار گیریم.
England is different from the United Kingdom.
His car is similar to mine.
The results from the first test are the same as the results from the second.
Showing big differences
میتوانیم از much, so much, a lot, even or far با صفات مقایسهای استفاده کنیم.
Sales in July were a lot higher than sales in June.
He was far less experienced than the other applicant.
nowhere near با as … as به همراه هم استفاده میشوند
The interview was nowhere near as difficult as the written exam.
میتوانیم از very, really, completely or totally باهم استفاده کنیم.
They may be twins, but they’re completely different from each other.
Showing small differences
از صفات مقایسهای با slightly, a little, a bit, a little bit or not much برای نشان دادن تفاوت کم استفاده میشود.
The number of registrations has been slightly lower than we expected.
Houses in my city are not much more expensive than flats.
almost, nearly, not quite, roughly, more or less or about به همراه as … as و the same as اورده می شوند.
She’s almost as old as I am.
The figures for May are more or less the same as the figures for June.
very یا really با similar to میایند.
My son looks really similar to my father when he was that age.
Showing there is no difference
از exactly the same as or just as … as برای نشان دادن اینکه تفاوت زیادی وجود ندارد استفاده میشود.
My grandma’s cakes still taste exactly the same as when I was a child!
A new phone can be just as expensive as a new computer these days.
تفاوتهای بزرگ
رایجترین راه برای صحبت در مورد تفاوتهای بزرگ استفاده از کلمه much است:
- My pizza’s much bigger than yours.
- This book is much more interesting
ما از far یا a lot به همین روش استفاده میکنیم:
- My new computer is far smaller than my old one.
- It’s a lot less expensive to travel by bus.
Very much یا a good deal کمی رسمیتر است:
- He seems very much happier now.
- Her new job is a good deal more demanding.
تفاوتهای کوچک
برای تفاوتهای کوچک، ما اغلب از slightly استفاده میکنیم:
- I feel slightly less nervous now.
A bit به همین شکل استفاده میشود، اما کمی غیر رسمی است، در حالی که a little رسمیتر است:
- Could you be a bit more careful, please?
- We started to go a little faster.
ما همچنین برای نشان دادن تفاوتهای کوچک از not much استفاده میکنیم:
- She’s not much taller than you.
از Not any یا no استفاده میشود تا نشان دهد که اصلاً تفاوتی وجود ندارد:
- He isn’t any more popular than his brother.
- Her laptop’s no better than mine.
اگر تفاوت تعجب آور است زیرا اولین چیزی که قبلاً کیفیت زیادی را دارد که میخواهید توصیف کنید، از even استفاده کنید:
- The mountains are even higher here!
مقایسه دو نفر یا کیفیتهای خاص
برای مقایسه دو فرد یا چیزهایی که دارای یک کیفیت خاص هستند، میتوانیم از as … as استفاده کنیم:
- My brother’s as tall as my dad.
اگر بخواهیم بر یک شباهت تأکید کنیم، just اضافه میکنیم:
- Women are just as good at science as men.
برای صحبت در مورد چیزهایی که تقریباً، اما نه دقیقاً یکسان هستند، از roughly, about یا more less استفاده میکنیم:
- It was roughly as big as a football.
- The tree’s about as high as the top of the building.
- The movie was more or less as bad as I’d expected.